ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

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                Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind such as learning and problem-solving.

 

                Artificial intelligence (AI), sometimes called machine intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural intelligence displayed by humans and animals. Leading AI textbooks define the field as the study of "intelligent agents": any device that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals.

                The ideal characteristic of artificial intelligence is its ability to rationalize and take actions that have the best chance of achieving a specific goal.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE EXAMPLE

• Manufacturing robots
• Smart assistants
• Proactive healthcare management
• Disease mapping
• Automated financial investing
• Virtual travel booking agent
• Social media monitoring
• Inter-team chat tool
• Conversational marketing bot
• Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools

APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 

                The applications for artificial intelligence are endless. The technology can be applied to many different sectors and industries. AI is being tested and used in the healthcare industry for dosing drugs and different treatment in patients, and for surgical procedures in the operating room.

                Artificial intelligence also has applications in the financial industry, where it is used to detect and flag activity in banking and finance such as unusual debit card usage and large account deposits—all of which help a bank's fraud department. Applications for AI are also being used to help streamline and make trading easier. This is done by making supply, demand, and pricing of securities easier to estimate.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

TYPE:1

1. Narrow AI

                Narrow AI is a type of AI which is able to perform a dedicated task with intelligence.The most common and currently available AI is Narrow AI in the world of Artificial Intelligence.

                Narrow AI cannot perform beyond its field or limitations, as it is only trained for one specific task. Hence it is also termed as weak AI. Narrow AI can fail in unpredictable ways if it goes beyond its limits.

2. General AI

                General AI is a type of intelligence which could perform any intellectual task with efficiency like a human.

                The idea behind the general AI to make such a system which could be smarter and think like a human by its own.

                Currently, there is no such system exist which could come under general AI and can perform any task as perfect as a human.

3. Super/Strong AI

                Super AI is a level of Intelligence of Systems at which machines could surpass human intelligence, and can perform any task better than human with cognitive properties. It is an outcome of general AI.

                Some key characteristics of strong AI include capability include the ability to think, to reason,solve the puzzle, make judgments, plan, learn, and communicate by its own.

TYPE:2

Reactive machine 

                Reactive machines are basic in that they do not store 'memories' or use past experiences to determine future actions. They simply perceive the world and react to it. IBM's Deep Blue, which defeated chess grandmaster Kasporov, is a reactive machine that sees the pieces on a chess board and reacts to them.

Limited Memory AI 

                Limited memory AI is mostly used in self-driving cars. They will detect the movement of vehicles around them constantly. The static data such as lane marks, traffic lights and any curves in the road will be added to the AI machine. This helps autonomous cars to avoid getting hit by a nearby vehicle.

Theory of mind 

                Theory of mind is the ability to attribute mental states — beliefs, intents, desires, emotions, knowledge, etc. — to oneself and to others. Theory of mind is necessary to understand that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspectives that are different from one's own.

Self awareness 

                An AI that has it’s own conscious, super intelligent, self-awareness and sentient (In simple words a complete human being). Of course, this kind of bot also doesn’t exist and if achieved it will be one of the milestones in the field of AI.